He Dadaism is a artistic and literary movement that arose during the First World War as a form of protest against the dominant aesthetic canons. The term has its origin in French give me.
Art historians name Tristan Tzara as the first promoter of this movement that mocked the artistic manifestations and intended to destroy the conventions of the established order.
However, the cultural movement as such is believed, by many other historians and artists, which was created properly by the German writer Hugo Ball. The year 1916 and the Cabaret Voltaire of Switzerland are thus considered the time and place where the birth of that took place, which would revolutionize the art world in general.
Dadaism transcended the artistic avant-garde and it was a criticism of the values in force during World War I and subsequent years.
This revolutionary claim makes Dadaism usually known as the anti-art . Its members appealed, for example, to unusual materials for the preparation of artistic works.
Absolute freedom, the immediate, the contradiction and spontaneity of Dadaism sought to overthrow the laws of logic , motionless thinking, abstract concepts, the universal and the eternity of principles. The Dadaists proposed chaos over order and called to break the boundaries between art and life.
Many were the authors who were part of Dadaism and who left their deep mark on it and on art in general. This would be the case of Marcel Duchamp, a French artist who is known for such unique works as "The fountain" (a urinal), or the American Man Ray, who has among his most emblematic works "The architecture of your bones."
The German painter Kurt Schwitters is another of the relevant members of Dadaism, a current within which he stood out for carrying out collages where the main material he used and that became the protagonist was the paper used. However, we could also highlight Hans Richter or Richard Hülsenbeck.
Although the origins of the movement's name are not clear, it is believed that Tzara chose that nomination by the first babbling what a child does ("Dadaist" ). The movement sought to create a new art form starting from scratch, just as a child begins his way through life.
However, for other authors, and based on what various illustrious figures of the above-mentioned Dadaism commented, such as the case of Franco-German poet Jean Arp, the name of this cultural movement was obtained by Tristan Tzara from a dictionary. And it is said that, looking for the name that defined that one, he opened a dictionary and searched for the most absurd word. In this case, he found it and used it. We are referring to the French word dada that can be translated as a wooden horse.
The influence of Dadaism means that, at present, there is still debate about what art is and what creations should be considered as artistic. The absence of fixed rules and conventions promulgated by the Dadaists is still valid for many artists.
